Pre-Hospital Phase

Stroke is a medical emergency.

Time is of the essence, the longer a stroke continues, the more the brain is affected.

Clot busting drugs (thrombolysis) are suitable for some patients but need to be given within 4 hours of onset of symptoms.

Clot retrieval (mechanical thrombectomy) is a relatively new procedure suitable for some patients but has to be performed up to 6 hours after symptoms start.

Research shows that rapid assessment and intervention in appropriate stroke centres increase the chance of survival and recovery after stroke

It is therefore critical, if you suspect you or someone else is having a stroke, that you call 999 immediately and ask for an ambulance. Even if the symptoms disappear while you are waiting for the ambulance, it is still important to go to hospital for an assessment.

The FAST test can help you recognise the common symptoms.

Facial weakness: Can the person smile? Has their mouth or eye drooped?
Arm weakness: Can the person raise both arms?
Speech problems: Can the person speak clearly and understand what you say?
Time to call 999: If you see any of these signs

This video shows you why this is so important

Patients whose stroke symptoms disappear in less than 24 hours may have had a Transient Ischaemic Attack (TIA). These symptoms should also be treated as a medical emergency to reduce the chances of having a stroke in the future.